Coffee Notebook

Varieties

A rough map of coffee varieties encountered in the notebook, organized by lineage. Updated as new varieties appear.

Note on Gesha/Geisha: the Ethiopian spelling is "Gesha", the Panamanian convention is "Geisha". Individual coffee entries follow the roaster's spelling; both refer to the same variety.


Bourbon Group

Bourbon is one of the oldest arabica cultivars, originating from Yemen via Réunion island. Most Latin American specialty coffee traces its lineage here.

Bourbon

Foundational variety — sweet, balanced, lower yield than modern hybrids. Widely grown in Colombia, Rwanda, El Salvador. Color mutations (Yellow, Pink) are generally associated with fruitier cups and high-altitude Colombia.

Caturra

Natural dwarf mutation of Bourbon; compact plant, good yield. The workhorse of Colombian specialty coffee.

Catuai

Hybrid of Caturra × Mundo Novo. High yield, widely planted in Brazil and Central America.

Castillo

Colombian hybrid developed by Cenicafé (Caturra lineage with Timor hybrid ancestry for CBD resistance). Controversial in specialty — some roasters avoid the Robusta introgression, others are indifferent.


Ethiopian Originals

Ethiopia is the genetic origin of arabica. Its varieties predate organized breeding programs by centuries.

Heirloom / Landraces

Catch-all term for indigenous Ethiopian varieties, typically used when the specific cultivar is unknown or the lot aggregates cherry from many smallholders. Fuzzy but common.

Gesha / Geisha

Originally from the Gesha forest in southwest Ethiopia; brought to Panama via CATIE's breeding program in the 1960s. Now one of the most prized varieties in specialty coffee — distinctive jasmine, stone fruit, tea-like character. High-altitude, low-yield.

Represented across four origins: - Panama — Glitch, Boquete Lerida; Glitch, Boquete Don Pachi - Ethiopia — Substance, Gesha Village Lot 44; Substance, Gesha Village Lot 35 - Bolivia — Cypher, Las Fresas - Colombia — Prodigal, Llano Redondo

Wush Wush

Ethiopian landrace now grown in Colombia (particularly Cauca). Rare; tends toward very floral, delicate cups.

Ají / Ají Bourbon

Extremely rare Colombian varieties. "Ají" means chili — named for a spicy aromatic quality. Associated with El Diviso farm in Huila.

Ombligon

Rare Colombian variety from El Diviso. Named for a distinctive navel-like indent on the bean.

JARC Selections (74xxx)

Varieties developed by the Jimma Agricultural Research Center, catalogued in 1974. Selected from indigenous Ethiopian forest trees for Coffee Berry Disease resistance and yield. The "74" prefix marks the catalogue year, not the generation.

74165 — Sidama region. High-altitude (2,100m+), hard dense beans, slower drawdown than typical. More traditional Ethiopian character (grape, red wine, chocolate) rather than bright fruity naturals. Grown at Alo Coffee farm and similar Sidama estates.


Indian Selections

India has independent breeding programs, partly drawing on imported East African material. The "SL" naming overlaps confusingly with the Kenyan SL series — they are different programs.

SL795

Developed at the government research station in Balehonnur (Selection 795). Descends from Kent, an old Indian variety of possibly Ethiopian origin. Known for good cup quality; disease susceptible.

SL9

Another Indian Selection from the same program; distinct from SL795 despite the similar name.

SLN.9 / SLN.5B / SLN.5

SLN = selections from the Central Coffee Research Institute (CCRI), Balehonnur. A different breeding program from SL795/SL9. Bred for CBD resistance; planted widely in Karnataka estates.

Chandragiri

Released by CCRI in 2011. A high-yield, disease-resistant hybrid. Common in Karnataka and Tamil Nadu. Cup quality considered dependable but not exceptional.


Hybrids & Others

Catimor

Cross between Timor hybrid (which carries Robusta genetics) and Caturra. Bred for CBD resistance; widely planted in Asia and Central America. Cup quality variable.

Gayo

Associated with the Gayo highlands of Aceh, Indonesia; often Timor hybrid-derived material. Unusual to see this designation applied to a Thai coffee.